window managers - desktop environments

[Vasilis Vasaitis]

On Wed, Jan 27, 1999 at 05:38:14PM +0200, Yiannis Galanomatis wrote:
> Den exw akomh katalavei ti arkivws einai to ka9ena...
> Borei kapoios na mou pei ti symvainei me ta X?
> Ok, yparxei o X server, meta ka9etai panw o SVGA server,
> meta o WM kai meta to Desktop Environment?
> Giati eida oti to gnome synergazetai me to enlightment...
> To Afterstep ti einai?
> Ti einai to fvwm, fvwm2, fvwm95 kai ta synafh?
> Afto to frikto pragma pou exei san default h RedHat
> (ekeino me to sixameno start) ti einai? (kai kala, stravomara
> eixe h redhat? An oxi to kde pou eixe to provlhma me to qt,
> den evaze to afterstep?)
> 
> as me diafwthsei kapoios giati ta 'xw blexei...

  Loipon, as ta paroume me ti seira. To X Window System (ta gnosta mas X)
vasizetai se ena client-server modelo, eite pano ston idio ipologisti eite
meso diktiou. O X server einai to programma pou analamvanei ti diaxeirisi
twn siskeuwn eisodou-eksodou pano se ena mixanima, diladi stis
perissoteres periptoseis tin othoni, to pliktrologio kai to pontiki. As
poume se emena (kai se pollous allous) X server einai o XF86_SVGA, o SVGA
server twn XFree86. Me ton Xserver sindeontai ta X clients (oi efarmoges
gia X) gia na mporesoun na emfanistoun stin othoni. Xontrika i kentriki
idea einai oti o X server dinei se ena X client ena orthogonio ('i kai pio
poliploko sxima an milame gia shaped windows), to opoio vevaia den
fainetai kat' anagki olokliro stin othoni, kai ekei mesa to X client
"zografizei".

  To pio simantiko apo ta X clients einai o Window Manager (WM). O WM
ousiastika analamvanei tin diaxeirisi twn parathirwn twn ipoloipwn X
clients: ta metakinei, ta krivei, ta elaxistopoiei, tous allazei megethos,
sxediazei to perigramma giro apo to parathiro ktl. Window Managers
iparxoun para polloi, kai oi kirioteroi apo autous einai:

  twm (Tab Window Manager): O protarxikos WM. Isos na ton exoun ola ta X
sistimata pou kikloforoun. Sto Linux pantos, an exeis X, exeis twm. Einai
poli aplos, toso stin emfanisi oso kai stis dinatotites, kai me poli
mikres apaitiseis se mnimi.

  fvwm, fvwm2 (F? Virtual Window Manager): Genika o pio diadedomenos. O
kodikas tou einai vasismenos ston twm, eno para polloi WMs einai
vasismenoi ston fvwm. Stirizetai se ena sistima apo modules (san plug-ins
ena prama) kai einai eksairetika epektasimos kai parametropoiisimos.
Parol' auta, prosopika den ton exo dei me kanena pragmatika endiaferon
configuration, kai i mallon vareti emfanisi pou exei eks orismou me ekanan
na ton apofeugo, eno to configuration file tou mou fainetai kapos strifno
gia na asxolitho mazi tou (na fantasteis oti ta distributions dinoun akoma
ton fvwm 1.x gia na min xreiastei osoi ton douleuoun na metatrepsoun ta
.fvwmrc tous gia ton fvwm2!).

  fvwm95: Parallagi tou fvwm oste na moiazei me ton gnosto Explorer twn
Windows 95. Arketa dimofilis se neofermenous sto Linux kai default se
arketes ekdoseis tou RedHat pou os gnoston prosarmozetai ston arxario
xristi.

  AfterStep: Ksaderfaki tou fvwm me emfanisi pou prosomoionei to NeXTStep.
Prosopika den me enthousiase, eksallou to configuration tou einai eksisou
strifno me tou fvwm.

  Window Maker: Episis prosomoionei to NeXTStep, alla gia mena einai poli
anoteros apo ton AfterStep. Ekpliktika eukolo configuration (drag 'n' drop
efarmogwn sto dock, dinetai mazi me programma gia configuration), arketes
dinatotites stin emfanisi (gradients pantou, allagi tou root background),
ipostiriksi gia themes, kai alla. O agapimenos mou :-).

  Enlightenment: O pio protoporiakos WM sto thema tis emfanisis, afou ta
themes tou dinoun ti dinatotita na allazei opoiadipote ptixi tis emfanisis
tou kata voulisi. Milame gia ton orismo tou eye-candy. Einai episis o pio
varis WM stin istoria twn X, me eksofrenikes apaitiseis se epeksergasti
kai mnimi. O episimos WM tou GNOME project apo ena simeio kai meta. Min
ton dokimaseis prin vgei kikloforisei kanonika i 0.15 ekdosi.

  Blackbox: Enas WM grammenos apo tin arxi (den vasistike se kodika
allou). Arketa simpagis, simpathitiki emfanisi (ektenis xrisi gradients),
mikres apaitiseis. Arketa endiaferwn.

  icewm: Allos enas poli endiaferwn WM, me plithos themes gia allagi tou
`look', alla me stoxo to stathero `feel'.

  kwm: O WM tou KDE.

  Alloi Window Managers einai (apli anafora) oi mwm (Motif Window
Manager), olwm (OpenLook Window Manager), olvwm (OpenLook Virtual Window
Manager), ktl... Des kai sto http://www.plig.org/xwinman/.

  Tora ta legomena `desktop environments' den einai tipota to
sigkekrimeno, ousiastika einai ena sinolo efarmogwn pou exoun paromoia
emfanisi kai sinergazontai metaksi tous, wste na dinoun tin eikona enos
armonikou perivallontos. Oi leptomereies tha itan arketes gia na grapso
alla tosa, kai arxisa na variemai...

  Ouf, pali oreksi eixa. Elpizo na min sas kourasa...

Vasilis Vasaitis
vvas at egnatia.ee.auth.gr (gia tin ora)

P.S. Prosopika xrisimopoio Window Maker 0.20.1 + GNOME 0.99.1 kai douleuei
ikanopoiitika, alla molis vgei to GNOME 1.0 tha tou rikso mia geri
anavathmisi.

--
====================================================================
Gia boithia (h na diagrafhte) e-mail sto majordomo at hellug.gr
Ta archives tis listas einai sto http://lists.hellug.gr
prin steilete kapoia erothsh psakte mipos exei hdh apanththei.
Gia opoiodipote problima stilte e-mail ston owner-linux-greek-users
====================================================================