Debian 2.1 - administration.

[Vasilis Vasaitis]

  Hello linux greek users!

  Eixa anaferthei prin apo ligo kairo stin egkatastasi tou Debian 2.1.
Exontas paiksei arketa me to sistima, epanerxomai tora sto thema tou
administration, kai kirios se o,ti afora to stisimo tou sistimatos meta
tin egkatastasi. Exontas loipon peiraksei arketa to proigoumeno sistima
mou, ithela to kainourio na erthei kai auto sta metra mou.

  Kapoies genikes kateuthinseis: Sxedon oti exei na kanei me
configuration sto Debian vrisketai mesa sto /etc, eno kapoia elaxista
configuration files mporoun na vrethoun mesa sto /var. Auti i
sigkentrotiki antimetopisi voithaei poli, oso ki an me proti matia den
fainetai kai tipota to spoudaio. Sto debian den iparxei kapoio kentriko
ergaleio diaxeirisis tou sistimatos, kai tipota den tha allaksei ta
arxeia sto /etc piso apo tin plati tou administrator, akoma kai kata tin
anavathmisi enos paketou.

  As paro omos ta pragmata pou rithmisa - osa einai aksia anaforas
toulaxiston - me ti seira:

  - XFree86: Panta to proto pragma pou rithmizo. Paixnidaki apo tote pou
vgike to XF86Setup - se dio lepta ta X itan etoima gia xrisi.

  - PPP: To Debian epitrepei tin tin tautoxroni xrisi tou pppd toso gia
dial-in oso kai gia dial-out se pollaplous providers. To
/etc/ppp/options einai genikes rithmiseis, eno oi sigkekrimenes
rithmiseis gia ton kathe provider einai sta /etc/ppp/peers/*. Parexetai
ena programma me onoma pppconfig pou analamvanei, kanontas merikes
erotiseis ston xristi, na ftiaksei tis rithmiseis autes, kathos kai ta
antistoixa chatscripts. Kanei geloia ti rithmisi tou dial-up, alla oxi
gia teleiws asxetous. P.x. prepei na kserei autos pou to trexei an o
provider tou xrisimopoiei PAP 'i an dineis ta passwords me to xeri - kai
sti deuteri periptosi ti akrivos prompt vgazei gia username kai password.

  - BIND (named): Panta protimo na trexo diko mou caching nameserver,
anti na eksartomai apo autous kapoiou provider. To Debian mou ton
rithmise imi-automata kata tin egkatastasi, me rotise an thelo na valo
forwarders, kai episis prosferthike na ftiaksei kataxorisi gia to
localhost, kati pou apodeixthike poli kali magkia.

  - Mail: Simera sta perissotera distributions mporeis na eisai OK me tis
out-of-the-box rithmiseis, an vevaia exeis mixanima me Static IP kai
monimi sindesi sto Internet. Allios, ligo peiragma einai anapofeukto.
Eutixos to Debian xrisimopoiei eks orismou gia MTA to exim kai oxi to
sendmail, opote den xreiastike na antimetopiso to frikto sendmail.cf.
Eno loipon sto proigoumeno mou sistima me sendmail eixa anagkastei na
kano ena poli asximo trik sto /etc/hosts gia na douleuei sosta i
apostoli minimatwn (sigkekrimena to FROM tou envelope na exei apodekti
timi), edo to mono pou xreiastike na kano itan na vgalo apo ta sxolia
ena etoimo rewriting rule pou ipostirizei reverse-aliases. Piece of cake.

  - Samba: To configuration egine imi-automata kata tin egkatastasi,
malista *kai* me encrypted passwords. Ego to mono pou xreiastike na
prostheso itan ta shares mou.

  - IP Masquerading: Exei anaferthei prin ligo kairo sti lista to script
tou S.u.S.E., to opoio me elaxistes rithmiseis analamvanei na
energopoiei to Masquerading. To Debian exei ki auto paromoio script, me
ti diafora oti apo merous tou xristi den xreiazetai kamia apolitos
rithmisi! Malista, ta vriskei mono tou. Einai kai ipchains-ready. Meta
ego me ti kouragio na diavaso to manual page tou ipchains, oxi peite mou.

  - Ellinika: Elliniko pliktrologio kai timezone dialeksa stin
egkatastasi, elliniko font allazontas to arxeio /etc/kbd/config. Ontas
kainourios ston kosmo tis libc6, paideutika arketa mexri na vro giati
kapoia programmata den edeixnan ellinika. Telika ena LANG=greek ekane ti
douleia tou.

  - Kernel: Katarxin, to Debian exei kapoious eidikous tropous gia na
automatopoiei tin egkatastasi custom kernels, alla ego apla tous agnoisa
:-). Kata t' alla, i ipostiriksi gia tous 2.2.x einai poli kali. P.x.
iparxoun programmata opos to ipchains, 'i ta init scripts den fortonoun
ton kerneld an trexei kernel me kmod. Ta mona (akindina) minimata
lathous pou vlepo einai, se 2.0.x i gkrinia tou isapnp epeidi de vriskei
to /proc/bus/pci, kai se 2.2.x ta minimata pou emfanizontai otan paei na
prosthesei ta routes pou oi 2.2.x vazoun automata sta interfaces.

  Tora kati alla pragmata pou exo setarei opos squid etc. den exoun
idiaitero endiaferon, opote stamato edo...

-- 
Vasilis Vasaitis
vvas at hal.csd.auth.gr
--
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