doc-el commit 954:87a0163c2a9a - Translated 24.4.11.2 - 24.4.13 ...
freebsd-doc-el at lists.hellug.gr
freebsd-doc-el at lists.hellug.gr
Mon Oct 27 18:39:58 EET 2008
changeset: 954:87a0163c2a9a
user: Manolis Kiagias <sonicy at otenet.gr>
date: 2008-10-25 00:06 +0300
details: http://hg.hellug.gr/freebsd/doc-el/?cmd=changeset;node=87a0163c2a9a
description:
Translated 24.4.11.2 - 24.4.13 (cutting-edge)
diffs (truncated from 344 to 300 lines):
diff -r fb855f174ea0 -r 87a0163c2a9a el_GR.ISO8859-7/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.sgml
--- a/el_GR.ISO8859-7/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.sgml Fri Oct 24 19:26:47 2008 +0300
+++ b/el_GR.ISO8859-7/books/handbook/cutting-edge/chapter.sgml Sat Oct 25 00:06:37 2008 +0300
@@ -1293,193 +1293,211 @@
</sect3>
<sect3>
- <title>Manual Update</title>
+ <title>×åéñïêßíçôç ÅíçìÝñùóç</title>
- <para>If you wish to do the update manually, however,
- you cannot just copy over the files from
- <filename>/usr/src/etc</filename> to <filename>/etc</filename> and
- have it work. Some of these files must be <quote>installed</quote>
- first. This is because the <filename>/usr/src/etc</filename>
- directory <emphasis>is not</emphasis> a copy of what your
- <filename>/etc</filename> directory should look like. In addition,
- there are files that should be in <filename>/etc</filename> that are
- not in <filename>/usr/src/etc</filename>.</para>
+ <para>Áí åðéèõìåßôå íá êÜíåôå ôçí åíçìÝñùóç ÷åéñïêßíçôá, äåí ìðïñåßôå
+ áðëþò íá áíôéãñÜøåôå ôá áñ÷åßá áðü ôïí êáôÜëïãï
+ <filename>/usr/src/etc</filename> óôïí <filename>/etc</filename> êáé
+ íá ðåñéìÝíåôå üôé èá ëåéôïõñãÞóåé. ÊÜðïéá áðü áõôÜ ôá áñ÷åßá èá
+ ðñÝðåé íá <quote>åãêáôáóôáèïýí</quote> ðñþôá. Áõôü óõìâáßíåé åðåéäÞ
+ ï êáôÜëïãïò <filename>/usr/src/etc</filename>
+ <emphasis>äåí åßíáé</emphasis> êáíïíéêü áíôßãñáöï ôïõ
+ <filename>/etc</filename>. Åðéðñüóèåôá, õðÜñ÷ïõí áñ÷åßá ôá ïðïßá
+ ðñÝðåé íá âñßóêïíôáé óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/etc</filename>, áëëÜ
+ äåí õðÜñ÷ïõí óôïí <filename>/usr/src/etc</filename>.</para>
- <para>If you are using &man.mergemaster.8; (as recommended),
- you can skip forward to the <link linkend="cutting-edge-rebooting">next
- section</link>.</para>
+ <para>Áí ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôï &man.mergemaster.8; (üðùò êáé óõíßóôáôáé),
+ ìðïñåßôå íá äéáâÜóåôå êáôåõèåßáí ôçí <link
+ linkend="cutting-edge-rebooting">åðüìåíç åíüôçôá</link>.</para>
- <para>The simplest way to do this by hand is to install the
- files into a new directory, and then work through them looking
- for differences.</para>
-
+ <para>Ï áðëïýóôåñïò ôñüðïò íá ôï êÜíåôå áõôü ÷åéñïêßíçôá, åßíáé íá
+ åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôá áñ÷åßá óå Ýíá íÝï êáôÜëïãï, êáé Ýðåéôá íá ôá
+ åîåôÜóåôå Ýíá-Ýíá øÜ÷íïíôáò ãéá ôéò áëëáãÝò.</para>
+
<warning>
- <title>Backup Your Existing <filename>/etc</filename></title>
+ <title>ÊñáôÞóôå ¸íá Áíôßãñáöï Áóöáëåßáò ôïõ Êáôáëüãïõ
+ <filename>/etc</filename></title>
- <para>Although, in theory, nothing is going to touch this directory
- automatically, it is always better to be sure. So copy your
- existing <filename>/etc</filename> directory somewhere safe.
- Something like:</para>
+ <para>Áí êáé èåùñçôéêÜ, ôßðïôá äåí ðñüêåéôáé íá ðåéñÜîåé áõôü ôïí
+ êáôÜëïãï áõôüìáôá, åßíáé ðÜíôá êáëýôåñá íá åßìáóôå óßãïõñïé.
+ Ãéá ôï ëüãï áõôü, áíôéãñÜøôå ôïí õðÜñ÷ïíôá êáôÜëïãï
+ <filename>/etc</filename> óå êÜðïéï áóöáëÝò ìÝñïò. ×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå
+ ìéá åíôïëÞ üðùò ç ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cp -Rp /etc /etc.old</userinput></screen>
- <para><option>-R</option> does a recursive copy, <option>-p</option>
- preserves times, ownerships on files and suchlike.</para>
+ <para>Ç åðéëïãÞ <option>-R</option> ðñáãìáôïðïéåß áíáäñïìéêÞ
+ áíôéãñáöÞ, åíþ ç <option>-p</option> äéáôçñåß ôá äéêáéþìáôá, ôçí
+ éäéïêôçóßá, ôéò çìåñïìçíßåò ôùí áñ÷åßùí, ê.ï.ê.</para>
</warning>
-
- <para>You need to build a dummy set of directories to install the new
- <filename>/etc</filename> and other files into.
- <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> is a reasonable choice, and
- there are a number of subdirectories required under this as
- well.</para>
+
+ <para>èá ðñÝðåé íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ìéá øåõôï-äïìÞ êáôáëüãùí ãéá íá
+ åãêáôáóôÞóåôå ôï íÝï êáôÜëïãï <filename>/etc</filename> êáé Üëëá
+ áñ÷åßá. Ìéá ëïãéêÞ åðéëïãÞ åßíáé ï êáôÜëïãïò
+ <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename>, êáé èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò íá
+ äçìéïõñãÞóåôå êÜôù áðü áõôüí êáé ìéá ïëüêëçñç óåéñÜ áðü õðïêáôáëüãïõò
+ ðïõ áðáéôïýíôáé.</para>
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir /var/tmp/root</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src/etc</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make DESTDIR=/var/tmp/root distrib-dirs distribution</userinput></screen>
- <para>This will build the necessary directory structure and install the
- files. A lot of the subdirectories that have been created under
- <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> are empty and should be deleted.
- The simplest way to do this is to:</para>
-
+ <para>Ïé ðáñáðÜíù åíôïëÝò èá äçìéïõñãÞóïõí ôçí áðáéôïýìåíç äïìÞ
+ êáôáëüãùí êáé èá åãêáôáóôÞóïõí ôá áñ÷åßá. ÌåãÜëï ìÝñïò ôùí
+ õðïêáôáëüãùí ðïõ Ý÷ïõí äçìéïõñãçèåß êÜôù áðü ôïí
+ <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> åßíáé Üäåéïé, êáé ðñÝðåé íá
+ äéáãñáöïýí. Ï áðëïýóôåñïò ôñüðïò ãéá íá ãßíåé áõôü, öáßíåôáé
+ ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
+
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /var/tmp/root</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>find -d . -type d | xargs rmdir 2>/dev/null</userinput></screen>
-
- <para>This will remove all empty directories. (Standard error is
- redirected to <filename>/dev/null</filename> to prevent the warnings
- about the directories that are not empty.)</para>
- <para><filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> now contains all the files that
- should be placed in appropriate locations below
- <filename>/</filename>. You now have to go through each of these
- files, determining how they differ with your existing files.</para>
-
- <para>Note that some of the files that will have been installed in
- <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> have a leading <quote>.</quote>. At the
- time of writing the only files like this are shell startup files in
- <filename>/var/tmp/root/</filename> and
- <filename>/var/tmp/root/root/</filename>, although there may be others
- (depending on when you are reading this). Make sure you use
- <command>ls -a</command> to catch them.</para>
-
- <para>The simplest way to do this is to use &man.diff.1; to compare the
- two files:</para>
-
+ <para>Áõôü èá äéáãñÜøåé üëïõò ôïõò Üäåéïõò õðïêáôáëüãïõò. (Ç Ýîïäïò
+ óöÜëìáôïò áíáêáôåõèýíåôáé óôï <filename>/dev/null</filename> þóôå
+ íá ìçí åìöáíßæïíôáé óôçí ïèüíç ðñïåéäïðïéÞóåéò ãéá êáôáëüãïõò ðïõ
+ äåí åßíáé Üäåéïé.)</para>
+
+ <para>Ôþñá, ï <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> ðåñéÝ÷åé üëá ôá áñ÷åßá
+ ðïõ èá ðñÝðåé íá ôïðïèåôçèïýí óå êáôÜëëçëåò èÝóåéò êÜôù áðü ôïí
+ <filename>/</filename>. Èá ðñÝðåé ôþñá íá äéáôñÝîåôå êáèÝíá áðü
+ áõôÜ ôá áñ÷åßá, êáé íá êáèïñßóåôå ðùò êáèÝíá áðü áõôÜ äéáöÝñåé áðü
+ ôï áíôßóôïé÷ï õðÜñ÷ïí (åãêáôåóôçìÝíï) áñ÷åßï.</para>
+
+ <para>Óçìåéþóôå üôé êÜðïéá áðü áõôÜ ôá áñ÷åßá ôá ïðïßá Ý÷ïõí
+ åãêáôáóôáèåß óôïí <filename>/var/tmp/root</filename> Ý÷ïõí ìéá
+ áñ÷éêÞ <quote>.</quote>. Ôç óôéãìÞ ðïõ ãñÜöïíôáé áõôÝò ïé ãñáììÝò,
+ ôá ìüíá áñ÷åßá óôá ïðïßá óõìâáßíåé áõôü åßíáé ôá áñ÷åßá åêêßíçóçò
+ ôïõ êåëýöïõò óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/var/tmp/root/</filename> êáé
+ <filename>/var/tmp/root/root/</filename>, áí êáé ìðïñåß íá õðÜñ÷ïõí
+ êáé Üëëá (áíÜëïãá ìå ôï ðüôå äéáâÜæåôå ôï êåßìåíï). Âåâáéùèåßôå üôé
+ ÷ñçóéìïðïéåßôå ôçí åíôïëÞ <command>ls -a</command> ãéá íá ôá äåßôå
+ üëá.</para>
+
+ <para>Ï áðëïýóôåñïò ôñüðïò ãéá íá óõãêñßíåôå äýï áñ÷åßá, åßíáé íá
+ ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ &man.diff.1;:</para>
+
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>diff /etc/shells /var/tmp/root/etc/shells</userinput></screen>
-
- <para>This will show you the differences between your
- <filename>/etc/shells</filename> file and the new
- <filename>/var/tmp/root/etc/shells</filename> file. Use these to decide whether to
- merge in changes that you have made or whether to copy over your old
- file.</para>
-
+
+ <para>Ç ðáñáðÜíù åíôïëÞ èá óáò äåßîåé ôéò äéáöïñÝò ìåôáîý ôïõ áñ÷åßïõ
+ <filename>/etc/shells</filename> êáé ôïõ íÝïõ áñ÷åßïõ
+ <filename>/var/tmp/root/etc/shells</filename>. ×ñçóéìïðïéÞóôå ôéò
+ äéáöïñÝò áõôÝò ãéá íá áðïöáóßóåôå áí èá ðñÝðåé íá óõã÷ùíåýóåôå ôéò
+ áëëÜãåò ðïõ Ý÷åôå êÜíåé, Þ áðëþò íá áíôéãñÜøåôå ôï ðáëéü óáò áñ÷åßï
+ ðÜíù áðü ôï íÝï.</para>
+
<tip>
- <title>Name the New Root Directory
- (<filename>/var/tmp/root</filename>) with a Time Stamp, so You Can
- Easily Compare Differences Between Versions</title>
+ <title>ÐñïóèÝóôå ôçí Çìåñïìçíßá óôï ¼íïìá ôïõ ÍÝïõ Root Êáôáëüãïõ,
+ (<filename>/var/tmp/root</filename>) ¿óôå íá Ìðïñåßôå Åýêïëá íá
+ Óõãêñßíåôå ÄéáöïñåôéêÝò Åêäüóåéò Ìåôáîý ôïõò.</title>
- <para>Frequently rebuilding the world means that you have to update
- <filename>/etc</filename> frequently as well, which can be a bit of
- a chore.</para>
+ <para>Áí ìåôáãëùôôßæåôå óõ÷íÜ ôï âáóéêü óýóôçìá, èá ðñÝðåé åðßóçò
+ íá åíçìåñþíåôå óõ÷íÜ ôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/etc</filename>, ôï
+ ïðïßï ìðïñåß íá åßíáé åíï÷ëçôéêü.</para>
- <para>You can speed this process up by keeping a copy of the last set
- of changed files that you merged into <filename>/etc</filename>.
- The following procedure gives one idea of how to do this.</para>
+ <para>Ìðïñåßôå íá åðéôá÷ýíåôå áõôÞ ôç äéáäéêáóßá, ôçñþíôáò Ýíá
+ áíôßãñáöï ôïõ ôåëåõôáßïõ óåô áëëáãìÝíùí áñ÷åßùí ôá ïðïßá
+ óõã÷ùíåýóáôå óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/etc</filename>. Ç ðáñáêÜôù
+ äéáäéêáóßá èá ðñÝðåé íá óáò äþóåé ìéá éäÝá ãéá ôï ðùò ìðïñåß íá
+ ãßíåé áõôü:</para>
<procedure>
<step>
- <para>Make the world as normal. When you want to update
- <filename>/etc</filename> and the other directories, give the
- target directory a name based on the current date. If you were
- doing this on the 14th of February 1998 you could do the
- following:</para>
-
+ <para>Ìåôáãëùôôßóôå ôï âáóéêü óýóôçìá üðùò êÜíåôå óõíÞèùò. ¼ôáí
+ èÝëåôå íá åíçìåñþóåôå ôïí <filename>/etc</filename> êáé ôïõò
+ Üëëïõò êáôáëüãïõò, äþóôå óôïí êáôÜëïãï ðñïïñéóìïý Ýíá üíïìá
+ âáóéóìÝíï óôçí ôñÝ÷ïõóá çìåñïìçíßá. Áí ôï êÜíáôå áõôü
+ óôéò 14 Öåâñïõáñßïõ 1998, èá ãñÜöáôå êÜôé óáí ôï
+ ðáñáêÜôù:</para>
+
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir /var/tmp/root-19980214</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src/etc</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>make DESTDIR=/var/tmp/root-19980214 \
distrib-dirs distribution</userinput></screen>
</step>
-
+
<step>
- <para>Merge in the changes from this directory as outlined
- above.</para>
-
- <para><emphasis>Do not</emphasis> remove the
- <filename>/var/tmp/root-19980214</filename> directory when you
- have finished.</para>
+ <para>Óõã÷ùíåýóôå ôéò áëëáãÝò áðü áõôü ôïí êáôÜëïãï, ìå ôïí ôñüðï
+ ðïõ ðåñéãñÜøáìå ðáñáðÜíù.</para>
+
+ <para><emphasis>Ìçí äéáãñÜøåôå</emphasis> ôïí êáôÜëïãï
+ <filename>/var/tmp/root-19980214</filename> üôáí ôåëåéþóåôå
+ ìå ôçí ðáñáðÜíù äéáäéêáóßá.</para>
</step>
-
+
<step>
- <para>When you have downloaded the latest version of the source
- and remade it, follow step 1. This will give you a new
- directory, which might be called
- <filename>/var/tmp/root-19980221</filename> (if you wait a week
- between doing updates).</para>
+ <para>¼ôáí êáôåâÜóåôå ôçí ôåëåõôáßá Ýêäïóç ôïõ ðçãáßïõ êþäéêá êáé
+ ôïí ìåôáãëùôôßóåôå îáíÜ, áêïëïõèÞóôå ôï âÞìá 1. Áõôü èá óáò
+ äþóåé Ýíá êáôÜëïãï ðïõ ìðïñåß íá ïíïìÜæåôáé
+ <filename>/var/tmp/root-19980221</filename> (áí áíÜìåóá óôéò
+ äýï ìåôáãëùôôßóåéò ðáñåìâÜëëåôáé äéÜóôçìá ìéáò
+ åâäïìÜäáò).</para>
</step>
-
+
<step>
- <para>You can now see the differences that have been made in the
- intervening week using &man.diff.1; to create a recursive diff
- between the two directories:</para>
-
+ <para>Ìðïñåßôå ôþñá íá äåßôå ôéò äéáöïñÝò ðïõ õðÜñ÷ïõí áíÜìåóá
+ óôéò äýï åâäïìÜäåò, ÷ñçóéìïðïéþíôáò ôçí åíôïëÞ
+ &man.diff.1; óå áíáäñïìéêÞ ëåéôïõñãßá ãéá íá äçìéïõñãÞóåôå ôéò
+ äéáöïñÝò ìåôáîý ôùí äýï êáôáëüãùí:</para>
+
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /var/tmp</userinput>
&prompt.root; <userinput>diff -r root-19980214 root-19980221</userinput></screen>
-
- <para>Typically, this will be a much smaller set of differences
- than those between
- <filename>/var/tmp/root-19980221/etc</filename> and
- <filename>/etc</filename>. Because the set of differences is
- smaller, it is easier to migrate those changes across into your
- <filename>/etc</filename> directory.</para>
+
+ <para>ÔõðéêÜ, áõôü ôï óåô áëëáãþí èá åßíáé ðïëý ìéêñüôåñï áðü
+ áõôü ìåôáîý ôïõ <filename>/var/tmp/root-19980221/etc</filename>
+ êáé ôïõ <filename>/etc</filename>. Êáèþò áõôü ôï óåô áëëáãþí
+ åßíáé ìéêñüôåñï, åßíáé êáé ðéï åýêïëï íá åöáñìüóåôå áõôÝò
+ ôéò áëëáãÝò óôïí êáôÜëïãï <filename>/etc</filename>.</para>
</step>
-
+
<step>
- <para>You can now remove the older of the two
- <filename>/var/tmp/root-*</filename> directories:</para>
-
+ <para>Ìðïñåßôå ôþñá íá äéáãñÜøåôå ôïí ðáëéüôåñï áðü ôïõò äýï
+ êáôáëüãïõò <filename>/var/tmp/root-*</filename>:</para>
+
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>rm -rf /var/tmp/root-19980214</userinput></screen>
</step>
-
+
<step>
- <para>Repeat this process every time you need to merge in changes
- to <filename>/etc</filename>.</para>
+ <para>ÅðáíáëÜâåôå áõôÞ ôç äéáäéêáóßá êÜèå öïñÜ ðïõ èÝëåôå íá
+ óõã÷ùíåýóåôå ôéò áëëáãÝò óôïí êáôÜëïãï
+ <filename>/etc</filename>.</para>
</step>
</procedure>
- <para>You can use &man.date.1; to automate the generation of the
- directory names:</para>
-
+ <para>Ìðïñåßôå åðßóçò íá ÷ñçóéìïðïéÞóåôå ôçí åíôïëÞ &man.date.1; ãéá
+ íá áõôïìáôïðïéÞóåôå ôçí äçìéïõñãßá ôùí ïíïìÜôùí êáôáëüãùí:</para>
+
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir /var/tmp/root-`date "+%Y%m%d"`</userinput></screen>
</tip>
</sect3>
</sect2>
-
+
<sect2 id="cutting-edge-rebooting">
- <title>Rebooting</title>
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